Knee Osteoarthritis

Understanding Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Treatment Options

 

What is Knee Osteoarthritis?

Osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee develops when the cartilage—the body's built-in shock absorber—between your knee joint deteriorates over time. This degeneration creates a hostile environment for the joint, leading to pain, stiffness, and decreased functionality. Understanding the underlying causes and contributing factors can be vital in managing knee osteoarthritis and improving quality of life.

Risk Factors for Knee Osteoarthritis

The exact cause of osteoarthritis of the knee is not known. However, there are several factors that can increase the risk of developing this condition. These include:

  • Age: As we age, our cartilage tends to break down, increasing the likelihood of osteoarthritis.

  • Weight: Extra weight places added pressure on your knee joints, hastening cartilage wear and tear.

  • Genetics: Genetic predisposition can influence the development of knee osteoarthritis.

  • Injury and Overuse: Past injuries, repetitive stress, or occupational hazards can contribute to OA development.

Symptoms of Knee Osteoarthritis

The primary symptoms of knee osteoarthritis include:

  • Pain: Usually intensifies after activity and lessens with rest.

  • Stiffness: Particularly in the morning or after periods of inactivity.

  • Swelling: Fluid build-up in the knee joint can lead to visible swelling.

  • Decreased mobility: Difficulty in performing activities that require bending the knee.

Diagnosing Knee Osteoarthritis

A thorough physical examination by a healthcare professional, coupled with an understanding of medical history, can often identify knee osteoarthritis. Medical imaging techniques such as X-rays, MRI, and ultrasound can provide further confirmation.

Treatment Options for Knee Osteoarthritis

There are several treatment options available for osteoarthritis of the knee. The treatment plan will depend on the severity of the condition and the individual's needs. Treatment options may include:

Non-Surgical Treatment Options for Knee Osteoarthritis

  • Pain medications: Over-the-counter pain relievers, such as acetaminophen or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), can help relieve pain and inflammation in the knee joint.

  • Physical therapy: A physical therapist can help you learn exercises to improve strength and flexibility in the knee joint.

  • Assistive devices: Using a cane or other assistive device can help reduce stress on the knee joint.

  • Injections: Corticosteroid or hyaluronic acid injections can help reduce inflammation and improve joint function.

Surgical Treatment Options for Knee Osteoarthritis

  • Arthroscopy: This is a minimally invasive procedure that involves making small incisions in the knee joint to remove damaged tissue or smooth out rough surfaces.

  • Osteotomy: This is a surgical procedure that involves reshaping the bones in the knee joint to relieve pressure on the damaged area.

  • Joint replacement surgery: In severe cases, a knee replacement surgery may be necessary to replace the damaged knee joint with an artificial one.

Genicular Artery Embolization: A Minimally Invasive Treatment for Knee Osteoarthritis

Genicular artery embolization (GAE) represents a promising, minimally invasive treatment option for knee osteoarthritis. This innovative procedure aims to alleviate pain and improve function by reducing abnormal blood flow to the knee joint, which is often associated with inflammation and pain in osteoarthritis.

GAE is performed under local anesthesia. The procedure involves inserting a small catheter into an artery in your groin or wrist. This catheter is then navigated to the genicular arteries—the blood vessels that supply the knee joint. Once in position, microscopic particles are injected to block the abnormal blood vessels feeding the arthritic knee.

Alternative Treatments for Knee Osteoarthritis

In addition to traditional medical treatments, there are several alternative treatments that may help relieve the symptoms of osteoarthritis of the knee. These may include:

  • Acupuncture: This is a traditional Chinese medicine technique that involves inserting thin needles into specific points on the body to relieve pain and inflammation.

  • Massage therapy: Massage can help reduce pain and improve range of motion in the knee joint.

  • Supplements: Some supplements, such as glucosamine and chondroitin, may help reduce pain and inflammation in the knee joint.

Living with Knee Osteoarthritis

Living with osteoarthritis of the knee can be challenging, but there are things you can do to manage your symptoms and improve your quality of life:

  • Stay active: Regular exercise can help keep the muscles and joints in the knee strong and flexible.

  • Use assistive devices: Using a cane or other assistive device can help reduce stress on the knee joint.

  • Manage your weight: Maintaining a healthy weight can help reduce stress on the knee joint.

Treating Knee Osteoarthritis at Indiana Vascular

Osteoarthritis of the knee is a common degenerative joint disease that affects millions of people worldwide. It can cause pain, stiffness, and swelling in the knee joint, and can significantly impact a person's quality of life. While there is no cure for osteoarthritis of the knee, there are several treatment options available to help manage the symptoms and improve joint function.

At Indiana Vascular, we offer a facility filled with state-of-the-art equipment and a staff of experienced doctors that specialize in treating knee osteoarthritis, as well as other conditions. We will work with you in creating a treatment plan tailored to your individualized needs, and will walk with you every step of the way to ensure a favorable outcome and swift recovery.

Do not allow knee osteoarthritis to negatively impact your quality of life. Schedule an appointment with us today to receive a consultation and gain insight into the condition, as well as discover how we can enhance your overall health.

Frequently Asked Questions

  • While there is no cure for knee osteoarthritis, there are several treatment options available to help manage the symptoms and improve joint function.

  • While there is no clear genetic link to knee osteoarthritis, having a family history of the condition may increase your risk.

  • No, regular exercise can actually help reduce pain and improve joint function in people with knee osteoarthritis.

  • While there is no guaranteed way to prevent knee osteoarthritis, maintaining a healthy weight, exercising regularly, and protecting your knees during physical activities can help reduce your risk.

Are You Suffering From Knee Osteoarthritis?

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